Electromagnet

Description

This project demonstrates the working principle of an electromagnet based on Electromagnetism. The model consists of a 9V battery, an ON/OFF switch, connecting wires, a copper coil wound around an iron nail, and small iron pins.

When the switch is turned ON, electric current flows from the battery through the copper wire coil. According to Ampere’s Law, the flow of current produces a magnetic field around the wire. As the wire is wound in the form of a coil, the magnetic field becomes strong and concentrated. The iron nail placed inside the coil acts as a core and gets magnetized, turning into a temporary magnet.

Due to this magnetism, the iron nail attracts small iron pins or paper clips placed near it. When the switch is turned OFF, the current stops flowing, and the magnetic field disappears. As a result, the nail loses its magnetism and the pins fall down.

• This model clearly shows how electricity can be used to create magnetism and control it easily using a switch.