IOT Plant Health Monitoring System

Description

This IoT-based Plant Health Monitoring System automates plant care and provides real-time environmental data. An ESP32 board (with built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth) serves as the central processor. It continuously reads four parameters:

· Soil moisture sensor – measures water content in the soil.

· DHT11 sensor – measures ambient temperature and humidity.

· Light sensor (LDR or photodiode based) – detects sunlight or artificial light intensity.

All sensor values are displayed locally on a 16×2 I2C LCD display (saves GPIO pins compared to parallel LCD). The ESP32 processes the soil moisture reading: if it drops below a user-defined threshold, it activates a relay driver module (usually a single-channel 5V relay). The relay acts as a switch to turn on a water pump (submersible DC pump or small AC pump). Pumping stops when soil moisture reaches an adequate level.

Thanks to the ESP32’s Wi-Fi, data is also sent to an IoT cloud platform (like Blynk, ThingSpeak, or Firebase). Users can monitor their plant from anywhere via a smartphone dashboard, set custom thresholds, and even manually trigger the pump. The system prevents over-watering, saves water, and keeps plants healthy automatically.

Component Details (with roles)

Component Role / Function

ESP32 Board Main microcontroller with Wi-Fi + Bluetooth; reads all sensors, runs control logic, sends to cloud.

DHT11 Sensor Measures air temperature (0–50°C) and humidity (20–90% RH); low cost, easy to interface.

Soil Moisture Sensor Two probes inserted into soil; outputs analog voltage proportional to water content.

Light Sensor (LDR module) Detects ambient light level; helps assess if plant is getting enough sunlight.

I2C LCD Display (16×2) Shows live readings locally; I2C version uses only 2 wires (SDA, SCL).

Relay Driver (1-channel) Low-voltage (5V) signal from ESP32 switches high-voltage pump circuit safely.

Water Pump (with pipe) Moves water from reservoir to plant soil when relay is activated.

Power Supply 5V/2A adapter for ESP32 and sensors; separate supply for pump (if AC or higher voltage DC).

Connecting wires & breadboard For prototyping; final version uses PCB.

feature

1. Automatic drip irrigation – Pump turns on/off based on real soil moisture reading.

2. Local LCD display – No need for phone to check plant status; shows temp, humidity, moisture, light.

3. Remote monitoring via Wi-Fi – View all sensor data from any smartphone or PC.

4. Manual control (app/cloud) – Override automation; turn pump on/off remotely.

5. User-adjustable thresholds – Set your own “dry” and “wet” levels through the IoT dashboard.

6. Light level monitoring – Alerts if plant is in too dark or too bright location.

7. Email & push notifications – Get alerts when soil is dry or pump runs for too long.

8. Historical data logging – Cloud saves readings; analyse plant health trends over days/weeks.

9. Low-cost & modular – All components easily available; expandable with pH, CO₂ sensors.

10. Energy efficient mode – ESP32 deep sleep between readings; ideal for battery + solar setups.

Let me know if you also want a circuit diagram or sample Arduino/ESP32 code for this project.

1. working model

2. delivery charge extra

3. battery include

4. same day delivery delhi NCR